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Mathilde Delmond

DELMOND Mathilde

Mathilde DELMOND
Courriel : mathilde.delmond(at)inrae.fr
Sujet : Caractérisation des bases génétiques de l’adaptation à l’environnement chez Brassica rapa et application pour la conception de nouvelles populations cultivées dans un contexte de changements climatiques         
Dates : 1er septembre 2022 - 30 août 2025
Responsables CBGP : M. Gautier, M. de Navascués & S. Boitard
Université : Université de Montpellier

Afin d’atténuer l’impact des changements climatiques à venir, notamment chez les espèces cultivées et leurs parents sauvages, un défi majeur est de prédire les dynamiques d’adaptation des populations. Chez les plantes cultivées, il s’agit de développer des variétés adaptées aux climats à venir, ou à fort potentiel d’adaptation, susceptibles de répondre de façon plus dynamique à l’augmentation attendue de la variabilité climatique.

Dans ce cadre, le premier objectif de la thèse est de disséquer les bases génétiques de l’adaptation de Brassica rapa, ancêtre sauvage du navet et de la navette cultivés, aux contraintes environnementales afin d’estimer sa vulnérabilité génomique face aux changements à venir. Ces résultats permettront ensuite de prédire les environnements favorables aux populations de pays de navet et de navette cultivés, et, en comparant avec les informations sur leur origine géographique, de tester si ces prédictions valident l’hypothèse d’adaptation locale. Enfin, ces résultats seront mobilisés pour construire des populations synthétiques à haut potentiel adaptatif, et tester, par des simulations, la robustesse de ces méthodes, notamment aux déviations de l’hypothèse d’additivité des effets génétiques.

Ce projet s’appuiera sur un large jeu de données collecté dans le cadre du projet PRIMA BrasExplor (2021-2023, porteur : A.M. Chèvre, IGEPP), combinant des données de polymorphisme pangénomique et des variables environnementales pour 62 populations sauvages et 55 variétés traditionnelles de B. rapa.

Les travaux de thèse de Mathilde sont codirigés par AGAP (Laurène Gay & Joëlle Ronfort) et le CBGP (Mathieu Gautier, Miguel de Navascués & Simon Boitard).